Philip Burnham

Clarence Three Stars (1864-1931) was a teacher, interpreter, catechist, lawyer, and politician who lived through the federal policy of American Indian assimilation in its many guises.  He used the fundamentals of his own boarding school education to advance the welfare of the Oglala Lakota people through a distinguished career of classroom excellence and political advocacy on his home reservation of Pine Ridge.

In the aftermath of the war against the Plains Indians, many figures loomed heroic, yet their stories are mostly unknown.  This long overdue biography of Dewey Beard (ca. 1862-1955) shows how the life of the last survivor of the Little Bighorn provides a glimpse into the survival of indigenous America.

Some of our greatest national parks were "gifted" by people who had little if any choice in the matter. The story of national parks and Indians can be seen in two ways: as a costly triumph of the public interest, or a bitter betrayal of America's native people.

Across the North, 26,000 Confederates died in "Yankee captivity"—six times the number of Confederate dead listed for the battle of Gettysburg, and twice that for the Southern dead of Antietam, Chickamauga, Chancellorsville, Seven Days, Shiloh, and Second Manassas combined.